A yayin da ake fama da saran gandun daji, da lalata dazuzzuka, da kuma barazanar sauyin yanayi, bamboo da rattan sun fito a matsayin jaruman da ba a yi wa waka ba wajen neman mafita mai dorewa.Duk da cewa ba a sanya su a matsayin bishiyoyi ba - bamboo ciyawa ce kuma rattan itacen dabino - waɗannan tsire-tsire iri-iri suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kiyaye bambancin halittu a cikin dazuzzuka a duk duniya.Binciken kwanan nan da Ƙungiyar Bamboo da Rattan ta Duniya (INBAR) da Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew suka gudanar, sun gano nau'in bamboo fiye da 1600 da nau'in rattan 600, wanda ya shafi Afirka, Asiya, da Amurka.
Tushen Rayuwa ga Flora da Fauna
Bamboo da rattan suna zama mahimman tushen arziƙi da matsuguni don ɗimbin namun daji, gami da nau'ikan da ke cikin haɗari.Babban giant panda, tare da abincin bamboo-centric wanda ya kai kilogiram 40 a kowace rana, misali ɗaya ne kawai.Bayan pandas, halittu kamar jan panda, gorilla dutse, giwa Indiya, beyar kallon kallon kudancin Amurka, kunkuru ploughshare, da bamboo lemur Madagascar duk sun dogara da gora don abinci.'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna ba da gudummawar abinci mai mahimmanci ga tsuntsaye daban-daban, jemagu, birai, da beyar rana ta Asiya.
Baya ga kula da namun daji, bamboo ya tabbatar da zama tushen abinci mai mahimmanci ga dabbobi, yana ba da farashi mai tsada, ciyar da shanu, kaji, da kifi duk shekara.Binciken INBAR ya nuna yadda cin abinci da ke haɗa ganyen bamboo yana haɓaka ƙimar abinci mai gina jiki, ta yadda zai ƙara yawan nonon shanu a duk shekara a yankuna kamar Ghana da Madagascar.
Muhimman Ayyukan Muhalli
Wani rahoto na 2019 na INBAR da CIFOR yana ba da haske game da ayyuka iri-iri da tasiri masu tasiri da gandun daji na bamboo ke bayarwa, wanda ya zarce na filayen ciyawa, filayen noma, da gurɓatattun dazuzzukan da aka shuka.Rahoton ya jaddada rawar da bamboo ke takawa wajen samar da ayyuka masu daidaitawa, kamar su maido da shimfidar wuri, sarrafa zaftarewar kasa, yin cajin ruwan karkashin kasa, da tsarkake ruwa.Bugu da ƙari, bamboo yana ba da gudummawa sosai don tallafawa rayuwar karkara, yana mai da shi kyakkyawan maye gurbinsa a cikin gandun daji ko ƙasƙantar ƙasa.
Ɗayan sanannen sabis na yanayin muhalli na bamboo shine ikonsa na maido da ƙazamar ƙasa.Tushen tushen bamboo mai faɗin ƙasa yana ɗaure ƙasa, yana hana ruwa gudu, kuma yana rayuwa ko da lokacin da aka lalatar da ƙwayoyin halittun da ke sama da wuta.Ayyukan da INBAR ke tallafawa a wurare kamar Allahabad, Indiya, sun nuna haɓakar ruwa da kuma sauya wurin da ake haƙa bulo a baya zuwa ƙasar noma mai albarka.A Habasha, bamboo shine nau'in fifiko a wani shiri da Bankin Duniya ya ba da tallafi na maido da gurɓatattun wuraren magudanar ruwa, wanda ya ƙunshi sama da hekta miliyan 30 a duniya.
Tushen Rayuwa Mai Dorewa
Bamboo da rattan, kasancewa masu saurin girma da haɓaka albarkatu, suna aiki azaman rigakafin saran gandun daji da hasarar rayayyun halittu.Ci gabansu da sauri da yawan ɗimbin yawa na ba da damar dazuzzukan bamboo don samar da ƙarin ƙwayoyin halitta fiye da dazuzzukan na halitta da da aka shuka, yana mai da su mahimmanci ga abinci, abinci, katako, makamashin halittu, da kayan gini.Rattan, a matsayin shuka mai saurin cikawa, ana iya girbe shi ba tare da cutar da bishiyoyi ba.
Haɗin kare ɗimbin halittu da rage radadin talauci yana bayyana a shirye-shirye kamar Shirin Raya Bamboo na Dutch-Sino-East Africa na INBAR.Ta hanyar dasa bamboo a cikin wuraren shakatawa na wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa, wannan shirin ba wai kawai yana samarwa al'ummomin yankin da kayan gini masu ɗorewa da kayan aikin hannu ba amma yana kiyaye wuraren zama na gorilla na dutse.
Wani aikin INBAR a Chishui na kasar Sin, ya mayar da hankali kan farfado da sana'ar bamboo.Yin aiki tare da UNESCO, wannan yunƙurin yana tallafawa ayyukan rayuwa mai ɗorewa ta amfani da bamboo mai girma cikin sauri azaman hanyar samun kuɗi.Chishui, cibiyar UNESCO ta Duniya, tana sanya tsauraran matakai don kiyaye muhallinta, kuma bamboo ya fito a matsayin babban jigon inganta yanayin kiyaye muhalli da kyautata tattalin arziki.
Matsayin INBAR wajen Haɓaka Ayyukan Dorewa
Tun daga 1997, INBAR ta ba da fifikon mahimmancin bamboo da rattan don ci gaba mai dorewa, gami da kare gandun daji da kiyaye halittu.Musamman ma, kungiyar ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen raya manufofin bamboo na kasar Sin, tare da ba da shawarwari ta hanyar ayyuka kamar aikin bamboo iri-iri.
A halin yanzu, INBAR tana yin taswirar rarraba bamboo a duniya, tana ba da shirye-shiryen horarwa ga dubban masu cin gajiyar duk shekara daga Membobinta don haɓaka ingantaccen sarrafa albarkatun.A matsayin mai lura da Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan bambancin Halittu, INBAR ta himmatu wajen ba da shawarar haɗa bamboo da rattan a cikin nau'ikan halittu na ƙasa da na yanki da tsara gandun daji.
A taƙaice, bamboo da rattan suna fitowa a matsayin ƙawance masu ƙarfi a yaƙin da ake yi da sare bishiyoyi da asarar rayayyun halittu.Waɗannan tsire-tsire, galibi ana yin watsi da su a cikin manufofin gandun daji saboda rabe-raben da ba bishiya ba, suna nuna yuwuwarsu a matsayin kayan aiki masu ƙarfi don ci gaba mai dorewa da kiyaye muhalli.Rawa mai rikitarwa tsakanin waɗannan tsire-tsire masu juriya da yanayin da suke zaune suna misalta ikon yanayi na samar da mafita idan aka ba su dama.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-10-2023
