Bamboo ciyawa ce, wata katuwar tsirran tsiro mai girman gaske a cikin dangin ciyawa (Poaceae) tare da wasu halaye na musamman: Tsirrai na wasu nau'ikan suna girma daga 70 cm zuwa mita (inci 27.5 da inci 39.3)..Yana iya ɗaukar carbon dioxide sau uku zuwa huɗu a kowace rana fiye da sauran tsire-tsire, yana fure kowace shekara 100 zuwa 150 akan matsakaici amma sai ya mutu, tushensa bai wuce 100 cm ba (39.3 inci), kodayake tsayi lokacin da ya girma, mai tushe. na iya kaiwa mita 25 (82.02 ft) a cikin shekaru uku kawai, kuma suna iya samar da inuwa har sau 60 a yankin, amma bai wuce murabba'in mita 3 ba.Manuel Trillo da Antonio Vega-Rioja, masana kimiyyar halittu biyu da aka horar da su a Jami'ar Seville da ke kudancin Spain, sun kirkiro gidan gandun daji na bamboo na farko a Turai.Lab dinsu dakin bincike ne na botanical don bincike da kuma amfani da duk fa'idodin da shuka ke bayarwa, amma tunanin mutane game da waɗannan fa'idodin sun fi tushen tushen shuka.
Akwai otal, gidaje, makarantu da gadoji na gora.Ciyawa mafi saurin girma a duniya, wannan ciyawa tana samar da abinci, oxygen, da inuwa, kuma tana iya rage yanayin yanayin muhalli har zuwa ma'aunin Celsius 15 idan aka kwatanta da filaye da hasken rana ke haskakawa.Duk da haka, yana ɗaukar nauyin karya na ɗaukar nau'in nau'in cin zarafi, duk da cewa kusan 20 ne kawai daga cikin fiye da 1,500 da aka gano nau'i ne masu cin zarafi, kuma kawai a wasu yankuna.
“Rashin son zuciya yana tasowa ne daga ruɗewar asali da ɗabi’a.Dankali da tumatur da lemu su ma ba na kasashen Turai ba ne, amma ba su da karfi.Ba kamar ganye ba, tushen bamboo yana tsakiyar.Yana fitar da kara guda daya ne kawai [reshe daga kafa daya, furanni ko ƙaya]," in ji Vega Rioja.
Mahaifin Vega Rioja, masanin fasaha, ya zama mai sha'awar waɗannan masana'antu.Ya ba da sha'awarsa ga dansa a matsayin masanin ilimin halitta kuma, tare da abokin aikinsa Manuel Trillo, sun kafa dakin gwaje-gwajen tsire-tsire don yin nazari da gabatar da waɗannan tsire-tsire a matsayin kayan ado, masana'antu da abubuwan halitta.Wannan shi ne wurin da aka samo asalin La Bambuseria, wanda ke da nisan kilomita kaɗan daga babban birnin Andalusia, kuma wurin gandun daji na bamboo na farko na bamboo a Turai.
"Mun tattara iri 10,000, 7,500 daga cikinsu sun fito, kuma mun zaɓi kusan 400 don halayensu," in ji Vega Rioja.A cikin dakin gwaje-gwajensa na shuka, wanda ke rufe hecta daya kacal (kadada 2.47) a cikin kwarin kogin Guadalquivir, ya baje kolin nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan da suka dace da yanayin yanayi daban-daban: wasu daga cikinsu na iya jure yanayin zafi zuwa -12 digiri Celsius (digiri 10.4 ma'aunin celcius).Fahrenheit).yanayin zafi da tsira daga guguwar hunturu na Philomena, yayin da wasu ke girma a cikin hamada.Babban yankin kore ya bambanta da maƙwabtan sunflower da gonakin dankalin turawa.Yanayin zafin titin kwalta a kofar shiga ya kai digiri 40 ma'aunin Celsius (digiri 104 Fahrenheit).Yanayin zafin jiki a cikin gandun daji ya kasance 25.1 Celsius (digiri 77.2 Fahrenheit).
Duk da cewa ma'aikata kusan 50 ne ke girbin dankalin da bai wuce mita 50 daga otal din ba, amma kiran tsuntsaye ne kawai ake jin a ciki.Amfanin bamboo a matsayin abu mai ɗaukar sauti an yi nazari sosai kuma bincike ya nuna cewa abu ne mai dacewa da ɗaukar sauti.
Amma yuwuwar wannan giant na ganye yana da yawa.Bamboo, wanda shi ne tushen abincin katuwar Panda har ma da bayyanarsa, ya kasance a cikin rayuwar dan Adam tun zamanin da, a cewar rahotanni na Kimiyya.
Dalilin wannan dagewar shi ne, ban da kasancewar tushen abinci, tsarinsa na musamman, wanda aka yi nazari a cikin nazarin nazarin kimiyyar ƙasa, mutane ba su yi watsi da su ba.An yi amfani da na'urar a cikin ƙira daban-daban ko don adana makamashi har zuwa 20% lokacin jigilar kaya masu nauyi ta amfani da tallafi masu sauƙi."Waɗannan kayan aiki masu ban mamaki amma masu sauƙi za su iya rage ayyukan masu amfani da hannu," in ji Ryan Schroeder na Jami'ar Calgary a cikin Journal of Experimental Biology.
Wani labarin da aka buga a cikin GCB Bioenergy ya bayyana yadda bamboo zai iya zama tushen ci gaban makamashi mai sabuntawa."Bioethanol da biochar sune manyan kayayyakin da za a iya samu," in ji Zhiwei Liang daga Jami'ar Noma da Kimiyyar Rayuwa ta Hungary.
Makullin iya jujjuyawar bamboo shine rarrabuwar filaye a fili a cikin silinda maras tushe, wanda aka inganta don haɓaka ƙarfinsa da ƙarfin lanƙwasa.Motohiro Sato na Jami'ar Hokkaido, wanda kuma shi ne marubucin binciken Plos One ya ce "Kwaikwai da haske da ƙarfin bamboo, hanyar da ake kira biomimicry, ta sami nasara wajen magance matsaloli da yawa a cikin haɓaka kayan aiki."Don haka ne ma bamboo mai dauke da ruwa ya sanya ya zama shuka mafi girma a duniya, kuma hakan ya zaburar da tawagar masu bincike a jami’ar fasaha ta Queensland wajen samar da ingantattun na’urorin batir don saurin caji.
Yawan amfani da aikace-aikacen bamboo yana da girma, tun daga samar da kayan dafa abinci masu lalacewa zuwa kera kekuna ko kayan daki a duk fannonin gine-gine.Masana ilmin halitta na Spain guda biyu sun riga sun hau wannan hanyar."Ba mu taba yin kasa a gwiwa ba kan bincike," in ji Trillo, wanda dole ne ya kara iliminsa na ilmin halitta tare da ilimin aikin gona.Masu binciken sun yarda cewa ba za su iya aiwatar da aikin ba tare da horar da shi ba, wanda ya samu daga makwabcinsa Emilio Jiménez tare da digiri na farko.
Alƙawarin dakunan gwaje-gwajen tsirrai ya sa Vega-Rioja ta zama mai fitar da bamboo na farko na doka a Thailand.Shi da Trillo sun ci gaba da yin gwaji tare da raye-raye don samar da tsire-tsire masu takamaiman halaye dangane da amfaninsu ko yankin da suke girma, ko kuma zagaya duniya don samun iri na musamman waɗanda zasu iya kaiwa dala 10 kowanne don samar da nau'ikan gandun daji 200.
Ɗaya daga cikin aikace-aikacen da ke da yuwuwar kai tsaye da tasiri na ɗan gajeren lokaci shine ƙirƙirar wurare masu inuwa na kwari a wasu wurare inda za'a iya samun mafita ta bioclimatic tare da ƙarancin amfani da ƙasa (ana iya dasa bamboo a cikin tafkin) ba tare da lalacewa ba.yankin da aka gina.
Suna magana game da wuraren da ke kusa da manyan tituna, harabar makaranta, wuraren masana'antu, wuraren buɗe ido, shingen zama, boulevards, ko wuraren da babu ciyayi.Suna da'awar bamboo ba a matsayin madadin maganin flora na asali ba, amma azaman kayan aikin tiyata don wuraren da ke buƙatar murfin ciyayi cikin sauri.Wannan yana taimakawa kama carbon dioxide gwargwadon yuwuwar, yana ba da ƙarin oxygen 35%, kuma yana rage yanayin zafi da digiri 15 a ma'aunin muhalli.
Farashin ya tashi daga € 70 ($ 77) zuwa € 500 ($ 550) a kowace mita na bamboo, ya danganta da farashin samar da tsire-tsire da bambancin nau'in nau'in da ake so.Ciyawa na iya samar da tsarin da zai ɗauki ɗaruruwan shekaru, tare da ƙarancin farashi a kowace murabba'in mita na ginin, yawan amfani da ruwa a cikin shekaru uku na farko, da ƙarancin amfani da ruwa bayan balaga da kwanciyar hankali.
Za su iya tallafawa wannan da'awar da makaman kimiyya.Misali, wani bincike da aka yi a wasu biranen Turai 293 da aka buga a mujallar Nature, ya nuna cewa wuraren birane, ko da kore ne, suna takure zafi sau biyu zuwa hudu fiye da wuraren da bishiya ko dogayen tsiro suke.gandun daji na bamboo suna kama carbon dioxide fiye da sauran nau'ikan gandun daji.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-14-2023
